Как выглядели настоящие индейцы?

felbert — 29.04.2011 Великая сила у стереотипов, хочу я Вам сказать! Нарисуйте себе в воображение коренного жителя Америки и оно будет абсолютно неверным. Вскормленные на Фениморе Купере и фильмах о краснокожих, устраивающих танцы со скальпами и с кучей перьев на голове, мы сформировали заблуждающийся образ о том, как должны выглядеть индейцы, но никак они выглядят на самом деле, что согласитесь, огромная разница. Хочу раз и навсегда развенчать этот миф о "зверобоях" и "чингачгуках больших змеях", а поможет мне в этом замечательная подборка натуралистичных картинок ЖЖ-юзера marinni , которая не поленилась, честь ей и хвала (!), и отсканировала приличное количество уникальных картинок из Британского Музея, где в полной красе предстают индейцы XVI-XVIII вв., рисованные с натуры. Эти редкие гравюры и рисунки, буквально, переворачивают представление об индейцах. Не таких мы привыкли видеть коренных жителей Америки с экранов телевизоров и в книгах, значит во многом история искажена и нам остается только догадываться, как обстояло дело в действительности...


Британский художник Джон Вайт (1585-1593) - один из первых европейских художников, который рисовал коренных жителей Америки с натуры. Работал в основном акварелью.



Verso: The village of Pomeiooc (l half), leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), associated with John White; at centre figures around a fire, houses and pallisade encircling the village



The town of Secoton; bird's-eye view of town with houses, lake at the top, fire, fields and ceremony


A camp fire ceremony; some Indian figures waving gourd rattles, some apparently singing
Watercolour and bodycolour over graphite, heightened with white and gold


A festive dance; around circle of posts




The wife of a Timucuan chief of Florida; with ear ornaments and painted marks or tattoos, holding corn cobs and bowl


Tupinamba Indians welcoming a Frenchman, leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), associated with John White; the European sitting in a hammock hiding his face, while a naked woman, also hiding her face, crouches before him, a male Indian with a bow and arrow behind


Tupinamba Indian man, woman and child; the man holds a bow and arrows and wears a neck-ornament, the baby in a sling, various fruit depicted in the foreground
Watercolour, with bodycolour and pen and brown ink


Tupinamba Indians dancing, leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), associated with John White; a woman holding a rattle in the background, the other with bell-shaped rattles, possibly pods, attached to his calves and an ornament of ostrich feathers, with a monkey and a parrot


A young woman of Aquascogoc, leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), associated with John White; standing to left, wearing a leather skirt and with tattoos, her hands resting on her shoulders, her right foot tucked behind the left

Verso: A 'werowance' or great lord of Virginia; holding a bow, standing to front, looking l, his right hand on his hip
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The wife of a 'werowance' or chief of Secotan, leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), assocated with John White; standing to right, wearing a leather skirt and with tatoos, her arms folded

Verso: Kalicho, an Inuk, seen from behind; wearing a sealskin jacket with hood and tail, holding a bow and paddle
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Tupinamba Indians mourning, leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings); a dead man, suspended in a hammock, mourned by four women, two crouched in the foreground covering their faces with their hands, and a man behind holding a dance rattle, both men with a plug or labret in their chins

Verso: A Tupinamba Indian from Brazil; standing, nude, his body embellished with vertical parallel scars, with shaved head and wearing a labret, a club with feathers in his right hand, and a severed head on the ground



A wife of a 'werowance' or chief of Pomeiooc carrying a child; woman with tattoos or painted marks, child on her back with one leg held through her arm
Watercolour over graphite, touched with white



A Timucuan chief of Florida, after Jacques Le Moyne; with painted marks, plume in hair, quiver, bow and arrow, wearing circular brass (?) gorgets



A wife of the 'werowance' or chief, Wingina; with tattoo or painted marks and jewellery

The wife of a chief or 'werowance' of Secotan; with tattoos or painted marks and necklace, arms crossed

A wife of an Indian 'werowance' or chief of Pomeiooc, and her daughter; woman with tattoos or painted marks carrying gourd vessel, child carrying contemporary English doll


An Indian 'werowance', or chief, painted for a great solemn gathering: with three feathers, a bow and quiver
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The skirmish at Bloody Point, Frobisher Bay; leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), associated with John White; Englishmen with guns in a boat with a flag with the cross of St George, firing on Inuit on a cliff, further Inuit in kayak in front and beyond, amid ice floes in the foreground



Kalicho, an Inuk from Frobisher Bay, leaf from a volume (now consisting of 113 leaves of drawings), after John White; standing to front and looking to right, wearing a sealskin jacket with hood and tail, holding a bow and paddle



Watercolour, with pen and grey ink
Verso: Arnaq and Nutaaq, Inuit from Frobisher Bay; wearing a sealskin jacket with hood and tail and long boots, the child visible in her hood

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Шаман
\An Indian priest; hair partly shaven with roach, wearing tunic


врач
An Indian medicine man, 'The flyer'; in a dancing posture, headress adorned with bird, tobacco pouch at his belt

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