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The figure of 18% is known as a relative risk since it represents the increase in risk of getting bowel cancer between a group of people who eat 50g of processed meat a day, which could, for example, represent a daily two-rasher bacon sandwich, and a group who don’t. Statistical commentators took this relative risk and reframed it into a change in absolute risk, which means the change in the actual proportion in each group who would be expected to suffer the adverse event.
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